[ Title ]
- Mate-Pair Sequencing as a Powerful Clinical Tool for the Characterization of Cancers with a DNA Viral Etiology
[ Journal ]
- VIRUSES-BASEL
[ Author ]
- Gao, G
Smith, DI
[ Abstract ]
- DNA viruses are known to be associated with a variety of different
cancers. Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a family of viruses and
several of its sub-types are classified as high-risk HPVs as they are
found to be associated with the development of a number of different
cancers. Almost all cervical cancers appear to be driven by HPV
infection and HPV is also found in most cancers of the anus and at least
half the cancers of the vulva, penis and vagina, and increasingly found
in one sub-type of head and neck cancers namely oropharyngeal squamous
cell carcinoma. Our understanding of HPVs role in cancer development
comes from extensive studies done on cervical cancer and it has just
been assumed that HPV plays an identical role in the development of all
other cancers arising in the presence of HPV sequences, although this
has not been proven. Most invasive cervical cancers have the HPV genome
integrated into one or more sites within the human genome. One powerful
tool to examine all the sites of HPV integration in a cancer but that
also provides a comprehensive view of genomic alterations in that cancer
is the use of next generation sequencing of mate-pair libraries produced
from the DNA isolated. We will describe how this powerful technology can
provide important information about the genomic organization within an
individual cancer genome, and how this has demonstrated that HPVs role
in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is distinct from that in
cervical cancer. We will also describe why the sequencing of mate-pair
libraries could be a powerful clinical tool for the management of
patients with a DNA viral etiology and how this could quickly transform
the care of these patients.
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